Everything about Neopentane totally explained
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Neopentane, also called
dimethylpropane or
2,2-dimethylpropane, is a double-branched-chain
alkane with five
carbon atoms. Neopentane is an extremely
flammable gas at room
temperature and
pressure which can condense into a highly
volatile liquid on a cold day, in an ice bath, or when compressed to a higher pressure.
Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature retains the trivial name neopentane. Dimethylpropane is the systematic name. The respective substituent numbers (the 2,2-) are unnecessary because there can be no isomers of this molecule with dimethylpropane as part of their names.
A
neopentyl substituent or a
neopentyl compound has the structure Me
3C-CH
2- for instance
neopentyl alcohol.
Isomers
Neopentane is one of three
structural isomers with the
molecular formula C
5H
12, the others being
pentane and
isopentane.
NMR spectrum
Neopentane has T
d symmetry. As a result, all protons are chemically equivalent leading to a single chemical shift at δ 0.902 in
carbon tetrachloride. This is similar to the
silane analog,
tetramethylsilane which has a single chemical shift, defined as δ 0 by convention.
Chirally deuterated neopentane ([2H1,2H2,2H3]-neopentane) is an interesting molecule. The neopentane is rendered chiral by the isotopic substitution of hydrogen . Its chirality arises solely by the mass distribution of its nuclei, while its electron distribution is completely achiral.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Neopentane'.
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